SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY is a kind of motor neuron disease and falls under a genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary neurologic diseases. Motor neurons are nervous cells of the spinal cord that trigger muscle motion required for carrying out motor functions. This particular disease involves a gradual degeneration of motor neurons located in the anterior horns of the spinal cord, and in some cases in the motor nuclei of the brain stem. Patient experiences a mutation in the survival motor neuron gene responsible for producing a protein which is crucial for normal functioning of the motor neurons. An absence of this protein leads to a condition where there is an atrophy of nerve cells, reduction in their sizes and eventual death resulting from muscle weakness.